What is balanced translocation?

Balanced translocation is a type of chromosomal abnormality in which two non-homologous chromosomes exchange segments without any loss or gain of genetic material. In this condition, no genetic material is lost or gained, but the rearrangement of genes can result in some health issues.

Affected individuals having balanced translocation may not show any symptoms, but they may have an increased risk of producing offspring with unbalanced translocations, resulting in conditions such as Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, or Klinefelter syndrome.

Balanced translocation can be diagnosed through genetic testing, and genetic counseling is recommended for individuals with this condition who are planning to have children. They need to understand the risk of passing on unbalanced translocations to their offspring, and to be informed about the options available for family planning.